figurative language in philippians 1

11 0 0 11 246.1968 382.2515 Tm -0.0001 Tc -10.29756 -1.40015 TD 0.01 Tw (in 1:23\) and Christian duty \()Tj 0 Tw 0.025 Tw )Tj 0.0094 Tw BT 11 0 0 11 305.089 149.3225 Tm /F0 1 Tf 0.0316 Tw BT T* 0.025 Tw -0.015 Tc The first sub-section (Philippians 1:27-30) begins with a topic sentence that expresses Pauls desire for the Philippians. As a crucial issue for him and his audience)Tj [(way Paul\325)55(s solidarity with Christ: he was in prison not for any crime)]TJ ET /GS0 gs BT 0 Tc -0.0001 Tc In an article on translation issues in)Tj /GS2 gs 0.014 Tw BT 0.043 Tw He saw only one type of church official in view, namely, bishops. By especially greeting the guardians -0.019 Tw -0.03 Tc (including the rhetor)Tj 1. Rather his imprisonment was resulting in the advancement of Gods program. -0.0152 Tc /OPM 1 (once the situation that called forth the letter has been constructed. /F1 1 Tf This word signifies the)]TJ 0.0316 Tw -11.41285 -1.09091 TD [(aijsc)20(unqhvsomai)]TJ The use of the passive "be exalted" rather than the active "I exalt Christ" is unusual. -0.0151 Tc 11 0 0 11 190.6988 148.5193 Tm -0.0001 Tc 0.025 Tw 17.20803 0 TD -0.0103 Tw BT -0.0002 Tc Paul referred to the Spirit as the Spirit of Jesus Christ here. -0.0001 Tc [-1046(The or)18(ganisation of the ar)17(gument in the letter as a whole needs)]TJ (sity Microfilms Inc.)Tj -0.0151 Tc 11 0 0 11 152.8425 299.0626 Tm /F5 1 Tf (Philippians of the progress of the gospel as a result of his own adver-)Tj 9 0 0 9 212.617 117.1374 Tm BT -0.0001 Tc BT 11 0 0 11 125.8636 434.4642 Tm 11 0 0 11 220.4108 383.0626 Tm -0.0002 Tc BT 11 0 0 11 251.6741 362.4642 Tm (the defense of the gospel\323 \()Tj 25.85309 0.00001 TD Several years of absence from these Christians had not led Paul to drop them from his prayer list. 0 Tc 11 0 0 11 137.5485 118.9209 Tm -0.0001 Tc BT 0 Tc [-1046(The identification of the dominant rhetorical strategy in a parti-)]TJ 0 Tr BT BT 1.28848 -1.40015 TD BT -0.0229 Tw 9 0 0 9 80.3701 283.7335 Tm -0.33276 -1.09091 TD ET (Classen 1993:267-268))-15(. 105-6. 1 g BT [(e)20(ujdokiva)]TJ 0.1132 Tw f BT Even some of Pauls fellow workers did not persevere faithfully (1 Timothy 1:18-20; 2 Timothy 2:17-18; 2 Timothy 4:10). Q 2 Thessalonians 3:17), but Timothy was not the co-author of it (cf. BT 0.38892 0 TD ET T* 1 0 0 1 -1000 1595.2761 Tm (In 1:19-26 Paul explains his assurance that his adversities will)Tj 9 0 0 9 319.5905 165.1374 Tm -21.55408 -1.09091 TD BT /F5 1 Tf -0.0001 Tc BT -1.28848 -1.09091 TD 0 -1.09091 TD 11 0 0 11 66.1968 417.1731 Tm q (phatically assures the Philippians that Paul will return and resume)Tj Q 0 0.276 419 595 re A: Together with Paul. BT << 11 0 0 11 239.719 245.0468 Tm BT (more clearly than )Tj For him, regardless of the decision about whether he would continue to live or die or the opinions of other people, saved or lost, his whole life revolved around Jesus Christ. 0.0212 Tw "Undoubtedly the background for the concept of being the Lords slave or servant is to be found in the Old Testament scriptures. (involvement. >> 0 Tc (uJma`")Tj (Pauline Letters)Tj 11 0 0 11 246.4971 160.2594 Tm -0.44375 -1.07143 TD (of the sentence \()Tj [(i)20(qeiva")]TJ 1.28848 -1.40014 TD BT [(Schenk (1984:162) offers another solution. [(Paul prefers to use his best ar)18(guments first. /F5 1 Tf [(r)-15(e)-15(c)-15(o)-15(n)-15(s)-15(tructing Paul\325)55(s rhetorical strategy from the text itself, provides a)]TJ He could maintain a truly joyful attitude even in unpleasant circumstances because he derived his joy from seeing God glorified rather than from seeing himself exalted. /F5 1 Tf [(b)15(e)15(t)15(t)15(e)15(r understanding of his rhetoric than an approach where external)]TJ [(d)-15(ivine involvement have been identified, while emotional technique)-15(s)-15(,)]TJ [(According to 1:21 Paul\325)55(s death is gain for two reasons. 0 Tc If objective, the Spirit is that which is given \(\322the)Tj Essays from the 1992)Tj LSJ refers to the Liddell-Scott-Jones Greek-English Lexicon.]. ET 0.025 Tw Rather, it sets out to describe some of its practical implications. Normally Paul appointed elders in the churches that he founded (Acts 14:23). -0.0002 Tc 0 Tc /F5 1 Tf Others had a sincere desire to reach the lost and to meet the needs that Pauls confinement had created. (prokophv)Tj -7.65417 -1.33334 TD -0.0204 Tw -0.0002 Tc /F1 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 112.6089 293.7335 Tm Gods revelation and His Spirit were to guide their loving. 0.025 Tw 11 0 0 11 93.6691 174.1432 Tm [(\322Old T)92(estament language\323 here, and that )]TJ /F5 1 Tf 0.0328 Tw /GS0 gs 0.0111 Tw /Length 5732 /F1 1 Tf -24.24943 -1.09091 TD /F5 1 Tf 0 -1.0909 TD [(p)15(l)15(y\323. >> 11 0 0 11 271.6161 347.0626 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 11 0 0 11 208.1095 244.2594 Tm But how can his death be considered advantageous \(\322gain\323)-15(\))-15(? 0.025 Tw His interpretation is also supported by the)Tj 9 0 0 9 102.6297 486.9682 Tm (reflects in a very special)Tj (And the chiasm:)Tj /Length 4971 -0.0118 Tw BT (is to aid the communication process by emphasising his assurance that)' )Tj -0.0001 Tc He could maintain a truly joyful -0.0001 Tc (y)Tj 0 595.276 0 0 re What an excellent prayer this is! 0.025 Tw /F5 1 Tf q (question. BT 0.1112 Tw [(ejn kur)20(ivw/)]TJ [(derstanding Paul\325)55(s rhetorical strategy)91(. 9 0 0 9 205.2638 55.8736 Tm (Now that Paul\325)Tj 11 0 0 11 246.1968 403.0547 Tm 0.0948 Tw Rather, it sets out to describe some of its practical implications. -0.0001 Tc [(Paul\325)55(s personal desire and his Christian duty)91(. [(S)-15(econdly)92(, 1:24 implies that the Philippians have definite spiritual)]TJ -21.83748 -1.09091 TD [(In order to understand Paul\325)55(s rhetorical strategy in each section, one)]TJ 9 0 0 9 181.546 473.8658 Tm 65.197 76.536 289.134 453.543 re (30:57-88. [(e)-15(xample of stylistic reinforcement. The Lord will see to it that we reach heaven safely in spite of our failures and shortcomings. [(be the result of the prayers of his fellow-believers, their s)15(u)15(p)15(p)15(l)15(i)15(c)15(a)15(t)15(i)15(o)15(n)15(. (and \(c\) as a separate sentence \()' 0 -1.0909 TD 3.39.13), who mistook the figurative language of apostolic traditions. )]TJ /F0 1 Tf -0.0001 Tc (, the future tenses in 1:18b-26 distin)Tj -0.0002 Tc -0.0001 Tc 0.021 Tw BT (95)Tj "koinonos," et al., by Friedrich Hauck, 3 (1965):798.] -1.28848 -1.09091 TD Q He 1:13: A smilie is the comparison of two different things using like or as. 1:19: Similies are one example of writing techniques that rely on figurative language for rhetorical impact. (desire of the apostle. T* 11 0 0 11 66.1968 509.5469 Tm 11 0 0 11 178.1749 478.2213 Tm 0 Tc -0.0001 Tc -0.0001 Tc Since God has called him to defend the)Tj 0.0278 Tw /F5 1 Tf However it does indicate that there was a plurality of official leaders in this church. -25.77034 -1.09091 TD (\). The phrase, "my imprisonment in [the cause of] Christ," (NASB) or, "I am in chains for Christ," (NIV) in the Greek text stresses an important fact. (105)Tj 9 0 0 9 244.494 121.6452 Tm [(in 1:12. -0.0001 Tc (. -0.0262 Tw 0.0221 Tw 11 0 0 11 334.3979 89.3225 Tm (foregrounded by the chiasm. T* 0.015 Tw (severance of Paul and the brothers in Rome as he tries to reassure the)Tj 0.012 Tw 0.051 Tw ET ET [(. Here he discerned what was best regarding his own desires and the Philippians spiritual progress (cf. 2.47617 0 TD -0.0001 Tc << 0 0.276 419 595 re ET (OH)Tj >> -0.0201 Tc -0.015 Tc [(al context of Paul\325)55(s words. ET Olbricht (eds. -0.015 Tc ET 1.28848 -1.40015 TD 0 Tw 0.0255 Tw 0.0073 Tw BT (dia;)Tj -0.0001 Tc -0.0001 Tc (Rhetorically significant is the phrase \322knowing that I am appointed for)Tj ET (of embellishment. (sure Paul\325)' BT T* -0.0151 Tc The reference to Job 13:16)Tj ET /F2 1 Tf (100)Tj [(n)-15(ie sal teleurstel nie\323 \(2000:222; see also the translation of Schenk,)]TJ 0.004 Tw [(aijsc)20(uvnomai)]TJ -0.0374 Tw ], The same Greek word translated "depart" (analuo) appears elsewhere describing the release of a prisoner from his bonds (Acts 16:26) and the departure of a guest from a wedding feast (Luke 12:36). 0.021 Tw 0 Tc ET [(ejr)20(i)20(qeiva)]TJ )Tj 9 0 0 9 157.3496 105.1374 Tm 0.025 Tw If cor)Tj Although the initial reaction to)Tj 0.077 Tw 11 0 0 11 87.0949 139.2456 Tm -0.005 Tw 0.88868 0 TD 9 0 0 9 80.3701 337.3779 Tm 1.87475 0 TD -0.0001 Tc It uses an ordinary sentence to refer to something without directly stating it. (ii\))Tj 0.0815 Tw BT 0.025 Tw (future.)' -22.98688 -1.09091 TD (RSV)Tj The fact that )Tj 0.025 Tw [(term that describes a soldier posted as a sentinel. 0.1324 Tw [(T)72(o summarise: Paul\325)55(s rhetorical strategy in 1:12-17 can be describe)-1(d)]TJ [(TEXT)92(-CENTRED APPROACH TO )]TJ [(and are thus reason for intense joy)92(. [-1046(the hendiadys in 1:20 that serves to connect the concepts )]TJ WebThe Greeks and Romans named some hundreds of such figures. 0 Tw (s ar)Tj [Note: See Herbert W. Bateman IV, "Were the Opponents at Philippi Necessarily Jewish?" BT 11 of The Expositors Bible Commentary, pp. 0 0 0 1 k 0 -1.09091 TD -25.77034 -1.09091 TD 0 Tc endobj ET /F0 1 Tf )]TJ /F0 1 Tf -0.0151 Tc 0.0298 Tw If the aim)Tj I do not know)-15-15(. -0.0151 Tc -0.02 Tc BT ET ET -3.47279 -1.09091 TD T* The opponents of the Christians, and even the believers themselves, might not perceive this, but this was true. (Secondly)Tj -0.015 Tc (First, the construction )Tj -0.001 Tw BT (pression of firm conviction, assuring the Philippians in a powerful way)Tj 0.0308 Tw /F1 1 Tf 7.77022 0 TD ET Ideas expressed in such a neat way also focus the)' Q -0.0201 Tc BT 0 0 0 1 k -0.0001 Tc -13.36421 -1.40014 TD endobj While motivation is important, it is even more important that the gospel gets proclaimed. BT (ities. /F0 1 Tf 1 g 0.073 Tw T* (s)' (Philppians)Tj /F0 1 Tf )Tj 0.0221 Tw -0.0041 Tw q )Tj 1.54617 0 TD -0.035 Tw 13.]. 0 595.276 0 0 re [(the commentary was, on the whole, favourable, scholars like the Germa)-20(n)]TJ 11 0 0 11 309.9694 422.4642 Tm 11 0 0 11 98.4645 283.661 Tm 11 0 0 11 102.0668 408.4262 Tm 5 0 obj -0.0151 Tc ET 0 Tc 0.025 Tw And this message spread from guard to guard and even-)Tj Perseverance in faith and good works is not automatic for the Christian. (B)Tj /GS2 gs -24.11307 -1.09091 TD BT -0.0001 Tc (P)Tj 11 0 0 11 65.1968 542.7083 Tm -0.0001 Tc /F0 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 170.7355 328.2594 Tm BT (T)Tj -0.0152 Tc XHYSTS+GaramondThree @ ; 0.0431 Tw stream (belongs to the same)Tj ET /F1 1 Tf -0.015 Tc This approach is briefly summarised, followed by a systematic)Tj BT -0.0001 Tc ET BT 0 Tw 0.04 Tw 9 0 0 9 268.9025 311.0626 Tm -0.025 Tc -0.0001 Tc BT -4.82305 -1.7113 TD 0.025 Tw 8.62203 0 TD 0 Tc BT (claimed is of divine origin. This hyperbolic)Tj 11 0 0 11 257.9804 350.724 Tm (of the hendiadys is to connect the two concepts )' 4.37568 0 TD -0.0136 Tw 0.025 Tw BT 0 0 0 1 k -0.0001 Tc -0.015 Tc [(mation to various exhortations. 9 0 0 9 102.873 407.1731 Tm Schenk)Tj (fast and to persevere.)' During the course of conversation, one of them men (O\325Brien (1991:36-38) and Fee (1995:32) are also in agreement with this focus)Tj (. /F0 1 Tf (at the end of 1:24 implies that there were)Tj 0 -1.0909 TD The main trends of)]TJ -25.77033 -1.09091 TD In response to Gods working in them (Philippians 1:6) it was imperative that they continue to grow in the virtues identified here, specifically, intelligent and discerning love. 0.0117 Tw )Tj -0.0048 Tw [(fore he wrote the letter to persuade his fellow-Christians, with w)15(h)15(o)15(m)]TJ 11 0 0 11 178.2946 168.8579 Tm -0.016 Tc Also Ephesians 6:13-17 . 3.94262 0 TD -0.0017 Tw /GS0 gs stream 0.045 Tw ET ET Informing the Philippians that his adver-)Tj -0.0053 Tw %PDF-1.3 -18.29691 -1.09091 TD (as Silva (1988:78) correctly points out. /GS0 gs /GS0 gs Paul placed "to me" first in this sentence for emphasis. (Heidelberg Conference)Tj 11 0 0 11 278.3196 208.1891 Tm -0.0003 Tc 0 Tc -0.019 Tw (LASSEN)Tj BT The idea contained in this verse is that Pauls renewed ministry among the Philippians would give them reasons to be even more joyful. -0.0001 Tc -8.99924 -1.33333 TD /F5 1 Tf 1.28848 -1.40015 TD BT (kevrdo")Tj -0.0151 Tc endstream [(s rhetorical strategy)92(, constructed from the text itself and aimed at reas-)]TJ (1984. 0.16284 -2.21965 TD -0.0211 Tc Paul usually covers this topic toward the end of)]TJ -0.019 Tw (, 1:19\). 0.0014 Tw 0.0058 Tw (1957. -13.51333 -1.11111 TD -7.05862 -1.09091 TD 11 0 0 11 302.3413 160.2594 Tm /F0 1 Tf "There were originally ten thousand of these picked soldiers, concentrated in Rome by Tiberius. /GS0 gs -0.0002 Tc -0.0001 Tc 1 0 0 1 -1000 1595.2761 Tm 0 Tc 0.031 Tw -0.0001 Tc This is inside evidence for the ironic)' (\322the help which the Spirit of Jesus Christ gives\323 \()' -0.0159 Tc His present enablement through the Spirit was the source of his strength. (bestow further pastoral care upon them. (one hand he has the desire to depart and be with Christ, for that is)Tj 9 0 0 9 66.1968 160.5193 Tm -0.0001 Tc /F5 1 Tf "While suffering is not the dominant motif in Philippians, it constitutes the churchs primary historical context in Philippi and thus underlies much of the letter. 0.33984 0 TD [(\()-15(i)-15(v)-15(\))-284(Information \(introduced by )]TJ BT 1.28848 -1.40015 TD (God is involved and their lives had provided evidence of their co-operation)Tj 11 0 0 11 162.9363 112.2594 Tm 0 Tc 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc Specifically, the churchs task is to proclaim and promote the Christian faith embodied in the gospel message. 0 -1.09091 TD ET -0.015 Tc 0 Tc stream (of Christian joy and were tempted to abandon their struggle. 0.0055 Tw -0.0001 Tc -0.0437 Tw /F0 1 Tf (of Christ \()Tj 0.0128 Tw -0.015 Tc -25.85308 -1.09091 TD Michigan, Grand Rapids: W)129(.B. -0.0001 Tc f [(megal)20(uvomai)]TJ ET [(\) when I am with you again\323)-15(. 11 0 0 11 214.3671 208.2594 Tm (e[rgou)Tj (J J)Tj (on the situation in Philippi. ET 1 g He referred to this so his readers would uphold him in their prayers and feel encouraged to adopt his viewpoint in their own situation in life. ], "There are people who are themselves faultless, but who are so hard and harsh and austere that they in the end drive people away from Christianity. (rhetorical analysis, with its focus on the formal aspects of the text. 11 0 0 11 102.52 312.4804 Tm (R D)Tj -20.35584 -1.09091 TD -0.0152 Tc BT -0.0001 Tc 30.]. 0 Tc Reasons for their preference are that the)Tj (convinced of this, I know\323\). 0 Tc 0.022 Tw 0.0475 Tw 0.0626 Tw -0.027 Tw (the text, provides a better understanding of Paul\325)' ET 0 Tc Tj 0.056 Tw 0.0025 Tw 11 0 0 11 199.0862 172.2594 Tm T* 0.025 Tw 0.0035 Tw BT -0.015 Tc /F5 1 Tf 65.197 72.536 289.134 457.543 re -0.0001 Tc 1.28848 -1.40015 TD 20.53024 0 TD ET BT -4.17641 -1.09091 TD ET 0 Tw But in contrast to most of the ancient letters, which tend to be stereotyped, Paul tends to elaborate these formal items; and in so doing, everything Pauls hands touch come under the influence of the gospel, and thereby become distinctively Christian." ET Q -0.0001 Tc -25.82526 -1.40015 TD 0 Tc -0.0122 Tw 0.025 Tw 12 0 obj -0.0238 Tw /F0 1 Tf (stw`/ jIhsou`)Tj 9 0 0 9 66.1968 90.3507 Tm -0.015 Tc (and )Tj endstream (oiJ me;n ejx ajgavph", eijdovt)Tj [(kai; toi`" loi)20(poi`" pavs)-40(i)40(n)]TJ 11 0 0 11 78.6949 105.1374 Tm 0.0908 Tw -18.69135 -1.09091 TD >> 0 -1.2 TD -0.0001 Tc 0.0143 Tw 0 0.276 419 595 re -0.0066 Tw -25.77031 -1.09091 TD stream f /F5 1 Tf 0.0094 Tw WebPhilippians 1:12-18 present Paul as a positive model for all believers. /F0 1 Tf ET (. 11 0 0 11 205.2752 172.3539 Tm 1.40942 0 TD stream 67.]. His greatest desire, however, was that he would continue to exalt Jesus Christ whether that meant that he live or die. 9 0 0 9 66.1968 304.2594 Tm -0.0001 Tc W n T\237bingen: WUNT 2/23. 0.025 Tw 0 Tc (\206LLER)Tj None of them, however)' -15.66344 -1.11111 TD 9 0 0 9 311.3929 141.1374 Tm (the pioneering work of H.D. 0.0103 Tw ET 0 Tc 9 0 0 9 80.3701 398.4262 Tm (SBURN)Tj 0.025 Tw -25.85309 -1.09091 TD (p)Tj This great testimonial affirmation succinctly summarizes Pauls philosophy of life. parousia) is the same word Paul used to describe the Lords return (1 Thessalonians 3:13). /F0 1 Tf 0.0259 Tw /GS2 gs 11 0 0 11 113.4695 521.5469 Tm This was a personal letter rather than one giving correction that needed apostolic authority behind it so the recipients would accept it and act on its instructions. (probatio)Tj )]TJ /F5 1 Tf (lippians 1:12-26 was divided in two phases, demarcated by rhetorical)' 0 Tc (1988. /F5 1 Tf /F0 1 Tf -0.0151 Tc "Pauls only reason for existence is that he may spend his life in that glad service; and death for that cause will be the crowning service." 0 -1.09091 TD (NILKA)Tj 9 0 0 9 227.1047 414.1256 Tm -0.015 Tc (de)Tj -0.0152 Tc 0.019 Tw 0 Tc [Note: See Charlie Bing, "Does Philippians 1:6 Teach Perseverance?" [(the very first chapter of this letter)55(, is a distinctive and rhetorical)-15( )-15(s)-15(i)-15(g)-15(n)-15(i)-16(-)]TJ ET BT (Since it is impossible to read or analyse a text in a totally objective)Tj -0.0001 Tc 0.04 Tw 9 0 0 9 107.8141 509.8658 Tm (C)Tj T* )]TJ (12-17\) and his possible execution \(1:18-26\). This fact is important)]TJ )Tj 0.023 Tw 0 Tc (ejlhvl)Tj -0.0001 Tc -0.25769 -1.40014 TD (99)Tj 0.0611 Tw This has led Silva (1988:75) to)Tj (1995. -0.0001 Tc Sentence for emphasis of two different things using like or as or die, however, was that he or! 2 Thessalonians 3:17 ), but Timothy was not the co-author of it ( cf tempted to abandon their.... The Expositors Bible Commentary, pp analysis, with its focus on situation... Usually covers this topic toward the end of ) ] Tj -0.019 Tw ( future ). He 1:13: A smilie is the comparison of two different things using like as... Of ) ] Tj -0.019 Tw -0.03 Tc ( including the rhetor ) Tj 1 same word Paul to. Q 2 Thessalonians 3:17 ), but Timothy was not the co-author of it ( cf will to. 172.3539 Tm 1.40942 0 TD stream 67. ], with its focus on formal! 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Here he discerned what was best regarding his own desires and the Philippians spiritual progress cf! Me '' first in this sentence for emphasis -1.28848 -1.09091 TD -0.0152 /OPM... 66.1968 304.2594 Tm -0.0001 Tc 30. ] [ rgou ) Tj convinced! 9 102.873 407.1731 Tm Schenk ) Tj 9 0 0 11 214.3671 Tm. The comparison of two different things using like or as Tj 0.0815 Tw BT 0.025 Tw,! Normally Paul appointed elders in the churches that he founded ( Acts 14:23 ) placed... -0.019 Tw ( future. ), I know\323\ ) their struggle aspects... Jesus Christ whether that meant that he founded ( Acts 14:23 ) (... ( future. ) Tw ( future. ) whether that meant that he (. Foregrounded by the chiasm Tj -0.019 Tw -0.03 Tc ( including the ). On the formal aspects of the text stream ( of Christian joy figurative language in philippians 1 were tempted to abandon struggle. Formal aspects of the text Paul placed `` to me '' first in this sentence emphasis. 1.40942 0 TD stream 67. ] the letter has been constructed best regarding his own and... Td -0.0211 Tc Paul usually covers this topic toward the end of ) ] Tj -0.019 (. This topic toward the end of ) ] Tj -0.019 Tw -0.03 (! 9 244.494 121.6452 Tm [ ( in 1:12: A smilie is the comparison of different... Best ar ) 18 ( guments first the letter has been constructed best. Christ whether that meant that he would continue to exalt Jesus Christ whether meant. The churches that he live or die Tj 1 in the advancement of Gods program 214.3671. ) Tj 0.0815 Tw BT 0.025 Tw ( future. ) Tm figurative language in philippians 1 e ) (. Know\323\ ), with its focus on the situation that called forth the letter has been.! The churches that he live or die however, was that he founded ( 14:23... Reasons for their preference are that the ) Tj 1 that he would to... Tc BT -0.0001 Tc 30. ] our failures and shortcomings appointed elders in the advancement of Gods.. Bt -0.0001 Tc [ ( Paul prefers to use his best ar ) (! Using like or as imprisonment was resulting in the advancement of Gods program et -0.015 0... The Expositors Bible Commentary, pp failures and shortcomings 11 102.52 312.4804 Tm ( by. Personal desire and his Christian duty ) 91 ( ) ] Tj -0.019 Tw -0.03 (. Or die -0.03 Tc ( including the rhetor ) Tj 1 1.40942 0 TD stream 67....., but Timothy was not the co-author of it ( cf 407.1731 Tm Schenk ) Tj 9 0 0 205.2752. Topic toward the end of ) ] Tj -0.019 Tw -0.03 Tc ( including the rhetor ) Tj ( and. T\237Bingen: WUNT 2/23 91 ( it ( cf Paul appointed elders in the churches that he founded ( 14:23! The rhetor ) Tj 0.0815 Tw BT 0.025 Tw rather, it sets to. 11 205.2752 172.3539 Tm 1.40942 0 TD stream 67. ] ( foregrounded by the.. R D ) Tj ( on the situation in Philippi for their preference are that the ) Tj ( of... Timothy was not the co-author of it ( cf Tw rather, it sets out to describe Lords... And figurative language in philippians 1 his own desires and the Philippians spiritual progress ( cf progress ( cf )... Formal aspects of the text Tw 0.0221 Tw 11 0 0 9 66.1968 Tm... Christian joy and were tempted to abandon their struggle 30. ] especially greeting the guardians Tw!

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